Poland must have appropriate conditions for development

Central Communication Port

On November 22, the company Central Communication Port confirmed the schedule: a location decision may be issued by the end of 2024, 2025 is the year of preparatory work necessary to start the construction of the airport. In 2026, the company will obtain a construction permit and the airport may be opened in 2032. In the same year – the first section of the Y line of KDP Warszawa–CPK–Łódź. And by 2035, the remaining sections to Wrocław and Poznań.

However, on November 25, the news broke that the government would adopt an amendment to the resolution on the investment program related to the CPK by the end of the year. This is to be the result of the audits carried out. What will change remains to be seen. It is worth remembering that it is not only about passengers. There is competition over which countries allow goods to enter the EU, because this means revenues from customs duties and VAT – air cargo is valuable. Moreover, in Poland, regional airports and Chopin Airport are developing and for now there is no conflict with the CPK. Apart from that CPK it’s the entire economic ecosystem, not just the airport.

Inland navigation

Nature conservation or economy? This is a dilemma still unresolved. Until recently, the most talked-about issue was the E40, an international waterway of approximately 2,000 km. km, intended to connect the Baltic Sea with the Black Sea (Gdańsk with Kherson), through the Vistula, Bug and three countries: Poland, Belarus and Ukraine. The war thwarted the plans, and now the Oder became the deciding factor. Navigable ports would be useful for the ports in Szczecin and Świnoujście, and it is worth emphasizing that Polish seaports are growing in strength.

The Ministry of Climate and Environment is striving to create Lower Oder National Park. Opponents point out that water transport, the most ecological and effective, is widely used in Europe, including Germany. The simplest answer that comes to mind is to properly combine economic development with environmental protection.

Dear

In Poland we have 19,313 km of national roads. 3,308.6 are expressways and 1,864.8 are highways. 103 tasks are being implemented, covering 1,461.8 km of national roads. Among the news, we have the decision on environmental conditions for the construction of S12 from Radom to the beginning of the Puławy bypass, issued on November 22, and the permit for the construction of an important section of S74 from Mniów to Kielce.

The works are scheduled to start this year. This is the future for now, but there are already prospects for a ring for Warsaw that will be closed S50 expressway from the north and the A50 motorway from the south – perhaps by the end of the next decade. At the same time, the ‘Program for the construction of 100 bypasses for 2020-2030’ is being implemented. So far, four tasks with a length of 14.8 km have been completed, and 22 with a length of 176.2 km are in progress.

Nuclear energy

In 2028, the first concrete may be poured for the location’s first nuclear power plant reactor Lubiatowo-Kopalino. The first unit may be launched in 2035, and electricity will flow in 2036. The word “may” is used quite often in the context of a power plant with a capacity of nearly 4 GW, but it is worth noting the next steps. The government hopes that this year the European Commission will announce the start of proceedings regarding the contract for the power plant.

Then there will be negotiations on the support model; the Commission’s consent is needed to create a financing model. Polish Nuclear Power Plants recently announced that the American development financing institution US International Development Finance Corporation is considering supporting the project with the equivalent of over PLN 4 billion. The letter of intent was signed on November 12. Meanwhile, Westinghouse, which will deliver three reactors, is placing further orders with Polish companies related to the work.

Gas power plants

In October, PGE Polish Energy Group commissioned the largest gas power plant in the country in Gryfino with a capacity of 1,366 MW (PGE Gryfino Dolna Odra). The power plant will ensure the security of the region, covering over 5%. national demand for electricity. Its nominal efficiency exceeds 63%, which is over 70%. higher compared to old coal blocks. The construction of a power plant in Grudziądz by the ORLEN Group (Energa) is in the final stages.

In 2025, it will power over 1 million households. By the end of the decade, the ORLEN Group is to have approximately 4 GW of installed capacity in gas energy, balancing renewable energy sources. Others are also investing. For example, Enea will be making a third attempt at construction of a gas power plant in Kozienice – the second tender in October was canceled because no one applied.

Photovoltaics

Energy from the sun ordinary Poles (regardless of legislative perturbations) and the largest investors produce in our country. Regardless of legislative perturbations, the number of panels on house roofs is increasing, and photovoltaic farms are also growing. The one in Zwartów in the province is considered to be the largest. Pomeranian Voivodeship with a capacity of 204 MWp (megawatts – in simple terms, the value achievable when the sun is shining), and ultimately 290 MWp. The owner is Respect Energy, Aurum Solar and Solarnet Investment.

However, he may dethrone her power plant in Adamów, implemented by ZE PAK from the group of Zygmunt Solorz, one of the richest Poles. Unless the 340 MW farm in Krajnik, owned by Denmark’s BeGreen Poland, is completed sooner; this could happen in December 2025.

Energy from wind

This is where you need to go when looking for strategic investments Baltic Sea. The construction of the Baltic Power wind farm is in full swing. This is a project of the ORLEN Group and Northland Power, the most advanced offshore wind project in Poland. The construction of land infrastructure has been ongoing since 2023, and at the beginning of 2025, installation works at sea will start. Baltic Power is to cover as much as 3%. national energy demand, reducing CO2 emissions by approximately 2.8 million tons per year.

PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna and Ørsted are implementing the Baltica offshore wind farm with a capacity of 2.5 GW, which is to provide green energy to almost 4 million households. The partners plan to complete the construction of the Baltica 2 stage with a capacity of approx. 1.5 GW by the end of 2027, and Baltica 3 with a capacity of approx. 1 GW by 2030.

Railway routes

As summarized by representatives in November PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowein 2024, tenders worth over PLN 13 billion were announced, and by the end of the year this amount is expected to exceed PLN 17 billion. Tenders for PLN 15 billion are planned to be announced in each of 2025 and 2026. In October, important works worth PLN 1.9 billion were completed to improve access to the port of Gdynia. Earlier, in 2022, access to the port in Gdańsk was improved, and major construction works were completed in Szczecin and Świnoujście.

For 2030, a twofold increase in station capacity is forecast compared to 2015 Gdynia Port. It can now accommodate the longest freight trains, up to 750 m long. In 2025, the first tenders are to be announced for the construction of a line to the planned nuclear power plant. What about the high-speed railway, Warsaw–Łódź–Poznań and Wrocław, i.e. the so-called Y? In November, CPK showed a visualization of the Brzeziny station, 20 km from Łódź. The entire 480-km Y is scheduled to be built in stages and completed in 2035.

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